在Linux環(huán)境下安裝Kafka
一、環(huán)境準(zhǔn)備
jdk下載地址鏈接:下載地址
zookeeper下載地址鏈接:下載地址
kafka下載地址鏈接:下載地址
1.1 Java環(huán)境為前提
1.1.1 上傳jdk-8u261-linux-x64.rpm到服務(wù)器并安裝
# 安裝命令 rpm -ivh jdk-8u261-linux-x64.rpm

1.1.2 配置環(huán)境變量
# 編輯配置文件,jdk的bin目錄到/etc/profile文件,對所有用戶的shell有效 vim /etc/profile # 生效 source /etc/profile

export JAVA_HOME=/usr/java/jdk1.8.0_261-amd64 export PATH=$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin

# 驗證 java -version

至此,jdk安裝成功。
1.2 Zookeeper的安裝配置
1.2.1 上傳zookeeper-3.4.14.tar.gz到服務(wù)器,解壓到/opt
# 解壓zk到指定目錄 tar -zxf zookeeper-3.4.14.tar.gz -C /opt

1.2.2 修改Zookeeper保存數(shù)據(jù)的目錄,dataDir
# 進入conf配置目錄 cd /opt/zookeeper-3.4.14/conf # 復(fù)制zoo_sample.cfg命名為zoo.cfg cp zoo_sample.cfg zoo.cfg # 編輯zoo.cfg文件 vim zoo.cfg dataDir=/var/riemann/zookeeper/data


1.2.3 編輯/etc/profile,使配置生效
設(shè)置環(huán)境變量
ZOO_LOG_DIR,指定Zookeeper保存日志的位置;ZOOKEEPER_PREFIX指向Zookeeper的解壓目錄;
將Zookeeper的bin目錄添加到PATH中:

export ZOOKEEPER_PREFIX=/opt/zookeeper-3.4.14 export PATH=$PATH:$ZOOKEEPER_PREFIX/bin export ZOO_LOG_DIR=/var/riemann/zookeeper/log
配置完以后再生效配置:
source /etc/profile
1.2.4 啟動Zookeeper,確認Zookeeper的狀態(tài)
zkServer.sh start

至此,zookeeper安裝成功。
1.3 Kafka 的安裝與配置
1.3.1 上傳kafka_2.12-1.0.2.tgz到服務(wù)器并解壓
tar -zxf kafka_2.12-1.0.2.tgz -C /opt

1.3.2 配置環(huán)境變量并生效
vim /etc/profile
export KAFKA=/opt/kafka_2.12-1.0.2 export PATH=$PATH:$KAFKA/bin
source /etc/profile
1.3.3 配置/opt/kafka_2.12-1.0.2/config中的server.properties文件
vi /opt/kafka_2.12-1.0.2/config/server.properties

Kafka連接Zookeeper的地址,此處使用本地啟動的Zookeeper實例
連接地址是localhost:2181
后面的myKafka是Kafka在Zookeeper中的根節(jié)點路徑

配置kafka存儲持久化數(shù)據(jù)目錄

log.dirs=/var/riemann/kafka/kafka-logs
創(chuàng)建上述持久化數(shù)據(jù)目錄
mkdir -p /var/riemann/kafka/kafka-logs
1.4 啟動Kafka
進入Kafka安裝的根目錄,執(zhí)行如下命令:
kafka-server-start.sh ../config/server.properties

啟動成功,可以看到控制臺輸出的最后一行的started狀態(tài):此時kafka安裝成功。

1.5 重新開一個窗口,查看Zookeeper的節(jié)點

1.6 此時Kafka是前臺模式啟動,要停止,使用Ctrl+C
如果要后臺啟動,使用命令:
kafka-server-start.sh -daemon config/server.properties
查看Kafka的后臺進程:
ps -ef | grep kafka

停止后臺運行的Kafka:
kafka-server-stop.sh
二、生產(chǎn)與消費
查看zookeeper狀態(tài),zookeeper啟動成功,再啟動kafka。

2.1 kafka-topics.sh 用于管理主題
查看命令的幫助信息
[root@master1 bin]# kafka-topics.sh
Create, delete, describe, or change a topic.
Option Description
------ -----------
--alter Alter the number of partitions,
replica assignment, and/or
configuration for the topic.
--config <String: name=value> A topic configuration override for the
topic being created or altered.The
following is a list of valid
configurations:
cleanup.policy
compression.type
delete.retention.ms
file.delete.delay.ms
flush.messages
flush.ms
follower.replication.throttled.
replicas
index.interval.bytes
leader.replication.throttled.replicas
max.message.bytes
message.format.version
message.timestamp.difference.max.ms
message.timestamp.type
min.cleanable.dirty.ratio
min.compaction.lag.ms
min.insync.replicas
preallocate
retention.bytes
retention.ms
segment.bytes
segment.index.bytes
segment.jitter.ms
segment.ms
unclean.leader.election.enable
See the Kafka documentation for full
details on the topic configs.
--create Create a new topic.
--delete Delete a topic
--delete-config <String: name> A topic configuration override to be
removed for an existing topic (see
the list of configurations under the
--config option).
--describe List details for the given topics.
--disable-rack-aware Disable rack aware replica assignment
--force Suppress console prompts
--help Print usage information.
--if-exists if set when altering or deleting
topics, the action will only execute
if the topic exists
--if-not-exists if set when creating topics, the
action will only execute if the
topic does not already exist
--list List all available topics.
--partitions <Integer: # of partitions> The number of partitions for the topic
being created or altered (WARNING:
If partitions are increased for a
topic that has a key, the partition
logic or ordering of the messages
will be affected
--replica-assignment <String: A list of manual partition-to-broker
broker_id_for_part1_replica1 : assignments for the topic being
broker_id_for_part1_replica2 , created or altered.
broker_id_for_part2_replica1 :
broker_id_for_part2_replica2 , ...>
--replication-factor <Integer: The replication factor for each
replication factor> partition in the topic being created.
--topic <String: topic> The topic to be create, alter or
describe. Can also accept a regular
expression except for --create option
--topics-with-overrides if set when describing topics, only
show topics that have overridden
configs
--unavailable-partitions if set when describing topics, only
show partitions whose leader is not
available
--under-replicated-partitions if set when describing topics, only
show under replicated partitions
--zookeeper <String: urls> REQUIRED: The connection string for
the zookeeper connection in the form
host:port. Multiple URLS can be
given to allow fail-over.
[root@master1 bin]#
# 列出現(xiàn)有的主題 [root@master1 ~]# kafka-topics.sh --list --zookeeper localhost:2181/myKafka # 創(chuàng)建主題,該主題包含一個分區(qū),該分區(qū)為Leader分區(qū),它沒有Follower分區(qū)副本。 [root@master1 ~]# kafka-topics.sh --zookeeper localhost:2181/myKafka --create --topic topic_test --partitions 1 --replication-factor 1 # 查看分區(qū)信息 [root@master1 ~]# kafka-topics.sh --zookeeper localhost:2181/myKafka --list # 查看指定主題的詳細信息 [root@master1 ~]# kafka-topics.sh --zookeeper localhost:2181/myKafka --describe --topic topic_test # 刪除指定主題 [root@master1 ~]# kafka-topics.sh --zookeeper localhost:2181/myKafka --delete --topic topic_test
列出現(xiàn)有主題,創(chuàng)建主題,該主題包含一個分區(qū),該分區(qū)為Leader分區(qū),它沒有Follower分區(qū)副本。

查看指定主題的詳細信息

創(chuàng)建主題,該主題包含多個分區(qū)
多個分區(qū):橫向擴展
多個副本:高可用

2.2 kafka-console-consumer.sh用于消費消息
# 開啟消費者 [root@node1 ~]# kafka-console-consumer.sh --bootstrap-server localhost:9092 --topic topic_test # 開啟消費者方式二,從頭消費,不按照偏移量消費 [root@node1 ~]# kafka-console-consumer.sh --bootstrap-server localhost:9092 --topic topic_test --from-beginning
2.3 kafka-console-producer.sh用于生產(chǎn)消息
# 開啟生產(chǎn)者 [root@node1 ~]# kafka-console-producer.sh --topic topic_test --broker-list localhost:9020
2.4 具體操作
開啟消費者和生產(chǎn)者,生產(chǎn)并消費消息。

消費者,按照偏移量消費

消費者從頭消費,不按照偏移量消費

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