Python中scrapy下載保存圖片的示例
在日常爬蟲(chóng)練習(xí)中，我們爬取到的數(shù)據(jù)需要進(jìn)行保存操作，在scrapy中我們可以使用ImagesPipeline這個(gè)類(lèi)來(lái)進(jìn)行相關(guān)操作，這個(gè)類(lèi)是scrapy已經(jīng)封裝好的了，我們直接拿來(lái)用即可。
在使用ImagesPipeline下載圖片數(shù)據(jù)時(shí)，我們需要對(duì)其中的三個(gè)管道類(lèi)方法進(jìn)行重寫(xiě)，其中 — get_media_request 是對(duì)圖片地址發(fā)起請(qǐng)求
— file path 是返回圖片名稱(chēng)
— item_completed 返回item,將其返回給下一個(gè)即將被執(zhí)行的管道類(lèi)
那具體代碼是什么樣的呢，首先我們需要在pipelines.py文件中，導(dǎo)入ImagesPipeline類(lèi)，然后重寫(xiě)上述所說(shuō)的3個(gè)方法：
from scrapy.pipelines.images import ImagesPipeline
import scrapy
import os
class ImgsPipLine(ImagesPipeline):
def get_media_requests(self, item, info):
yield scrapy.Request(url = item['img_src'],meta={'item':item})
#返回圖片名稱(chēng)即可
def file_path(self, request, response=None, info=None):
item = request.meta['item']
print('########',item)
filePath = item['img_name']
return filePath
def item_completed(self, results, item, info):
return item
方法定義好后，我們需要在settings.py配置文件中進(jìn)行設(shè)置，一個(gè)是指定圖片保存的位置IMAGES_STORE = 'D:\\ImgPro'，然后就是啟用“ImgsPipLine”管道，
ITEM_PIPELINES = {
'imgPro.pipelines.ImgsPipLine': 300, #300代表優(yōu)先級(jí)，數(shù)字越小優(yōu)先級(jí)越高
}
設(shè)置完成后，我們運(yùn)行程序后就可以看到“D:\\ImgPro”下保存成功的圖片。
完整代碼如下：
spider文件代碼：
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import scrapy
from imgPro.items import ImgproItem
class ImgSpider(scrapy.Spider):
name = 'img'
allowed_domains = ['www.521609.com']
start_urls = ['http://www.521609.com/daxuemeinv/']
def parse(self, response):
#解析圖片地址和圖片名稱(chēng)
li_list = response.xpath('//div[@class="index_img list_center"]/ul/li')
for li in li_list:
item = ImgproItem()
item['img_src'] = 'http://www.521609.com/' + li.xpath('./a[1]/img/@src').extract_first()
item['img_name'] = li.xpath('./a[1]/img/@alt').extract_first() + '.jpg'
# print('***********')
# print(item)
yield item
items.py文件
import scrapy class ImgproItem(scrapy.Item): # define the fields for your item here like: # name = scrapy.Field() img_src = scrapy.Field() img_name = scrapy.Field()
pipelines.py文件
from scrapy.pipelines.images import ImagesPipeline
import scrapy
import os
from imgPro.settings import IMAGES_STORE as IMGS
class ImgsPipLine(ImagesPipeline):
def get_media_requests(self, item, info):
yield scrapy.Request(url = item['img_src'],meta={'item':item})
#返回圖片名稱(chēng)即可
def file_path(self, request, response=None, info=None):
item = request.meta['item']
print('########',item)
filePath = item['img_name']
return filePath
def item_completed(self, results, item, info):
return item
settings.py文件
import random
BOT_NAME = 'imgPro'
SPIDER_MODULES = ['imgPro.spiders']
NEWSPIDER_MODULE = 'imgPro.spiders'
IMAGES_STORE = 'D:\\ImgPro'#文件保存路徑
LOG_LEVEL = "WARNING"
ROBOTSTXT_OBEY = False
#設(shè)置user-agent
USER_AGENTS_LIST = [
"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.1 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/22.0.1207.1 Safari/537.1",
"Mozilla/5.0 (X11; CrOS i686 2268.111.0) AppleWebKit/536.11 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/20.0.1132.57 Safari/536.11",
"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/536.6 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/20.0.1092.0 Safari/536.6",
"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.2) AppleWebKit/536.6 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/20.0.1090.0 Safari/536.6",
"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.2; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.1 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.77.34.5 Safari/537.1",
"Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/536.5 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1084.9 Safari/536.5",
"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.0) AppleWebKit/536.5 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1084.36 Safari/536.5",
"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/536.3 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1063.0 Safari/536.3",
"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 5.1) AppleWebKit/536.3 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1063.0 Safari/536.3",
"Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_8_0) AppleWebKit/536.3 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1063.0 Safari/536.3",
"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.2) AppleWebKit/536.3 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1062.0 Safari/536.3",
"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/536.3 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1062.0 Safari/536.3",
"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.2) AppleWebKit/536.3 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1061.1 Safari/536.3",
"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/536.3 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1061.1 Safari/536.3",
"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1) AppleWebKit/536.3 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1061.1 Safari/536.3",
"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.2) AppleWebKit/536.3 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1061.0 Safari/536.3",
"Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/535.24 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1055.1 Safari/535.24",
"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.2; WOW64) AppleWebKit/535.24 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1055.1 Safari/535.24"
]
USER_AGENT = random.choice(USER_AGENTS_LIST)
DEFAULT_REQUEST_HEADERS = {
'Accept': 'text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8',
'Accept-Language': 'en',
# 'User-Agent':"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/58.0.3029.110 Safari/537.36",
'User-Agent':USER_AGENT
}
#啟動(dòng)pipeline管道
ITEM_PIPELINES = {
'imgPro.pipelines.ImgsPipLine': 300,
}
以上即是使用ImagesPipeline下載保存圖片的方法，今天突生一個(gè)疑惑，爬蟲(chóng)爬的好，真的是牢飯吃的飽嗎？還請(qǐng)各位大佬解答！更多相關(guān)Python scrapy下載保存內(nèi)容請(qǐng)搜索本站以前的文章或繼續(xù)瀏覽下面的相關(guān)文章希望大家以后多多支持本站！
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